Neglected tropical diseases (NTD) caused by protozoa cause significant morbidity and mortality in the developing world.  Every year, according to the WHO, more than one million people die from complications from neglected diseases, such as African trypanosomiasis (HAT), leishmaniasis and Chagas disease (CD).  Even though NTDs account for 11% of the global disease burden, of the 850 new therapeutic products approved between 2000 and 2011, only 4% (and only 1% of all approved new chemical entities (NCEs)) were indicated for neglected diseases.  In line with the “One Health” concept  it would be of high interest to break the chain between the parasite reservoir in animals and infections in humans reversing the economic losses and sustaining the social well-being in Europe and endemic countries. Thus, new drugs for neglected diseases are still urgently needed.

Miltefosine (hexadecylphosphocholine) an ether phospholipid analogue (alkylphosphocholine) is currently the only oral drug available for the treatment of visceral (VL) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). However, miltefosine has several side effects.  Aiming at overcoming the side effects of Miltefosine, we embarked on the design and synthesis of constrained ether phospholipid derivatives through the introduction of rings in the lipid portion of alkylphosphocholines and modifications in the head group. These resulted in increased potency against L. infantum intracellular amastigotes accompanied by reduced toxicity against THP-1 macrophages. This line of research was first reported by the group leader, nationally and internationally.

In the context of the FP7-funded project NMTrypI  (http://fp7-nmtrypi.eu) this strategy was further optimized through focused lead optimization efforts and resulted in a new Drug Lead with very promising oral antileishmanial activity in mice, hamsters and dogs and extremely low toxicity (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9w5V-flKZPU&feature=youtu.be) (https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/603240/reporting). In addition, it was effective orally in vivo against Τ. brucei acute model of infection and against the long lasting chronic infection model.

 

Related publications (2000 to date)

• G. E. Magoulas, P.  Afroudakis, K. Georgikopoulou, M. Roussaki, C. Borsari, T. Fotopoulou, N. Santarem, E. Barrias, P. Tejera Nevado, J. Hachenberg, E. Bifeld, B.  Ellinger, M.  Kuzikov, I.  Fragiadaki,  E. Scoulica, J. Clos, S.  Gul, M. P. Costi, W. de Souza, K. C. Prousis, A. Cordeiro da Silva and T. Calogeropoulou* “Design, Synthesis and Antiparasitic Evaluation of Click Phospholipids”  Molecules 2021, 26 (14), 4204;  https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144204
• E. Chazapi, G. E. Magoulas, K. C. Prousis, T. Calogeropoulou* “Phospholipid Analogues as Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Trypanosomatids” Curr. Pharm. Des. 2021. 27, 1790-1806.
   https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666201210115340
• E. Barrias,  L. C. Reignault, T. Calogeropoulou, W. de Souza; “In vitro activities of adamantylidene-substituted alkylphosphocholine TCAN26 against Trypanosoma cruzi: Antiproliferative and ultrastructural effects” Exp. Parasitol. 2019, 206, 107730.
• C. B. Moraes, G. Witt, M. Kuzikov, B. Ellinger, T. Calogeropoulou, K. C. Prousis, S. Mangani, F. Di Pisa, G. Landi, L. D. Iacono, C. Pozzi, L. H. Freitas-Junior, B. S. Pascoalino, C. P. Bertolacini, B. Behrens, O. Keminer, J. Leu, M. Wolf, J. Reinshagen, A. Cordeiro-da-Silva, N. Santarem, A. Venturelli, S. Wrigley, D. Karunakaran, B. Kebede, I. Pöhner, W. Müller, J. Panecka-Hofman, R. C. Wade, M. Fenske, J. Clos, J. M. Alunda, M. Jesús Corral, E. Uliassi, M. L. Bolognesi, P. Linciano, A. Quotadamo, S. Ferrari, M. Santucci, C. Borsari, M.P. Costi, and S. Gul; “Accelerating Drug Discovery Efforts for Trypanosomatidic Infections Using an Integrated Transnational Academic Drug Discovery Platform” SLAS Discovery 2019, 24, 346-361.
• Sant’Anna V., Railbolt M., Oliveira-Menezes A., Calogeropoulou T., Pinheiro J., de Souza W. “Ultraestructural study of effects of alkylphospholipid analogs against nematodes” Exp. Parasitol. 2018, 187, 49-58.
• Fragiadaki, I., Katogiritis, A., Calogeropoulou, T., Brückner, H,, Scoulica “Synergistic combination of alkylphosphocholines with peptaibols in targeting Leishmania infantum in vitro” Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2018.  
  doi. 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2018.03.005
• Borba-Santos, L.M., Ishida, K., Calogeropoulou, T., de Souza, W., Rozental, S. “Adamantylidene-substituted alkylphosphocholine TCAN26 is more active against Sporothrix schenckii than miltefosine” Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz  2016, 111(8) Rio de Janeiro Aug. 2016  Epub July 11, 2016.
• Benítez, D., Medeiros, A., Fiestas, L., Panozzo-Zenere, E.A.,  Maiwald, F., Prousis, K.C., Roussaki, M., Calogeropoulou, T., Detsi,A., Jaeger, T., Šarlauskas, J.,  Peterlin Mašič, L., Kunick, C., Labadie, G.R., Flohé,L.,  Comini, M.A. “Identification of Novel Chemical Scaffolds Inhibiting Trypanothione Synthetase from Pathogenic Trypanosomatids” PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016, 10(4):e0004617.
• Vila, T. V. M., Ishida, K., de Souza, W., Prousis, K., Calogeropoulou, T., Rozental, S. “Effect of alkylphospholipids on Candida albicans biofilm formation and maturation”  J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2013, 68, 113-125.
• Godinho, J., Georgikopoulou, K., Calogeropoulou, T., de Souza, W., Rodrigues, J.  “A novel phosphocholine dinitroaniline hybrid molecule exhibits biological activity in vitro against Leishmania amazonensis.”  Experimental Parasitology 2013, 135, 153–165.
• Papanastasiou I.,  Prousis,  K.C, Georgikopoulou, K., Pavlidis, T.,  Scoulica, E., Kolocouris, N., Calogeropoulou, T.* “Design and synthesis of new adamantyl-substituted antileishmanial ether phospholipids”   Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.  2010  20 (18), 5484-5487.
• Calogeropoulou, T.;*  Angelou, P.; Detsi, A.; Fragiadaki, I.; Scoulica, E. “Design and synthesis of potent antileishmanial cycloalkylidene-substituted ether phospholipid derivatives” J. Med. Chem.  2008, 51, 897-908.
• Karanikolopoulos, N. ; Pitsikalis, M. ; Hadjichristidis, N. ; Georgikopoulou, K. ; Calogeropoulou, T. ; Dunlap, J.R. “pH-Responsive Aggregates from Double Hydrophilic Block Copolymers Carrying Zwitterionic Groups. Encapsulation of Antiparasitic Compounds for the Treatment of Leishmaniasis.” Langmuir 2007, 23(8), 4214-24.
• Kapou, A.; Benetis, N.P.; Avlonitis, N.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Koufaki, M.; Scoulica, E.;. Nikolaropoulos, S.S.;  Mavromoustakos, T. “3D-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of New Synthetic Antileishmanial Ring-Substituted Ether Phospholipids” Bioorg. Med. Chem.  2007, 15(3), 1252-65.
• Papazafiri, P; Avlonitis, N.; Angelou, P.; Calogeropoulou, T.;* Koufaki, M.;  Scoulica, E.; Fragiadaki, I. “Structure-activity relationships of antineoplastic ring-substituted ether phospholipid derivatives”  Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 2005, 56, 261-270.
• Avlonitis, N.; Lekka, E.; Detsi, A.; Koufaki, M.; Calogeropoulou, T.;* Skoulica, E.; Siapi, E.; Kyrikou, I.; Mavromoustakos, T.; Tsotinis, A.; Golic Grdadolnik, S.; Makriyannis, A.  "Antileishmanial Ring-Substituted Ether Phospholipids" J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 755-767.

Related chapters in books

• Theodora Calogeropoulou,* George E. Magoulas, Ina Pöhner, Rebecca C. Wade,2 Joanna Panecka-Hofman,  Pasquale Linciano, Stefania Ferrari, Maria Paola Costi,* Nuno Santarem, Ma Dolores Jiménez-Antón, Ana Isabel Olías-Molero, Anabela Cordeiro da Silva  and José María Alunda,  “Hits and Lead Discovery in the Identification of New Drugs against the Trypanosomatidic Infections” Chapter 10 in: Medicinal Chemistry of Neglected and Tropical Diseases: Advances in the Design and Synthesis of Antimicrobial Agents, (Edited by: Venkatesan Jayaprakash, Daniele Castagnolo, Yusuf Özkay) CRC Press (2019) Pages. 185- 231
• de Souza, W.,  Godinho, J., Barrias, E., Roussaki,  M., Fernandes Rodrigues, J. C. F., Calogeropoulou, T.,  “Effects of Phospholipid Analogues on Trypanosomatids.” Chapter 13 in Molecular Biology of Kinetoplastid Parasites (Edited by: Hemanta K. Majumder). Caister Academic Press, U.K. (2018) Pages: 221-242. DOI.org/10.21775/9781910190715.13

Patents

• PCTEP2021075969, 22/09/2021 “Compound for use in the treatment of protozoal diseases and process for production of said compound”.  Applicant: QuadrEL Srl. Inventors: Calogeropoulou, T. Prousis, K.C., Roussaki, M., Magoulas, G.E., Fotopoulou T.
• GR 20200100577, 22/09/2020 “Compound for use in the treatment of protozoal diseases and process for production of said compound”.  Applicant: National Hellenic Research Foundation. Inventors: Calogeropoulou, T. Prousis, K.C., Roussaki, M., Magoulas, G.E., Fotopoulou T.
• US 8,097,752 (issued 17-1-2012) "Antiprotozoal ring-substituted phospholipids" Inventors: T. Calogeropoulou, M. Koufaki, N. Avlonitis, A. Makriyannis

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) like Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD) Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and  Neurone Disease (MND) are on the rise in developed societies worldwide. Just AD affects 36 million people worldwide and 7 million in Europe. The economic burden for ND exceeds €200 billion in Europe and $226 billion in the US. Currently, there exists no cure for any ND, and most of the available drugs fail to tackle ND pathogenesis. Neurotrophins are a family of closely related secreted proteins that have been shown to control a number of aspects of survival, development and function of neurons both in the central and the peripheral nervous systems.

Preclinical studies point to the therapeutic potential of neurotrophins in preventing or slowing the progression of ND. Thus, neurotrophins have been proposed as therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases. However, the poor pharmacokinetic properties of neurotrophins, mainly because of their sensitivity to proteolysis, restricted penetration of the blood–brain barrier, and limited ability to diffuse in tissues, render their use as drugs prohibitive. A potential approach for addressing neurotrophin limitations is the development of synthetic, small molecule, neurotrophin mimetics with favourable profiles of stability, tissue penetration and targeted biological actions.

T Calogeropoulou has designed, synthesized and patented in collaboration with the groups of Prof A. Gravanis and Asc. I. Charalampopoulos, 17-spiro-dehydroepiandrosterone derivatives (WO2008155534A2, WO2011030116) with anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective activity, mediated through the neurotrophin receptors. These compounds, in contrast to dehydroepiandrosterone, are not metabolised to estrogens and androgens but have high affinity for the NGF receptor TrkA.

A patent portfolio was built based on our PCT applications (WO2008155534A2, WO2011030116) with several national patents granted worldwide. Capitalising on these results funding was secured through an Innovative Training Network (ITN) H2020-MSCA-ITN-2017 “EuroNeurotrophin” (GA765704, www.euroneurotrophin.eu) coordinated by the group leader comprising 9 beneficiaries and 9 Partner organisations. Through “EuroNeurotrophin” these compounds were further optimized and the structural requirements for selective and potent TrkA or TrkB agonists were dissected. Currently, the group funded by the project ”DINNESMIN” using scaffold hoping develops non-steroidal selective agonists of the neurotrophin receptors TrkA and TrkB and modulators of p75NTR (http://www.eie.gr/nhrf/institutes/ibmcb/projects/ICB_DINNESMIN_project.pdf). The short-term aim is to translate the selective Trk agonists as drugs against diabetic retinopathy and/or Alzheimers Disease (AD) with the support of the companies participating in the aforementioned projects.

 

Funding

• “EURONEUROTROPHIN”  A European training network for the discovery of neurotrophin small molecule mimetics as candidate therapeutic agents for neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation
• “DINNESMIN” “Preclinical development of innovative neuroprotective and neuroregenerative synthetic microneurotrophins for the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease“

 

Related publications (2000 to date)

• Yilmaz, K.; Rogdakis, T.; Latorrata, A.; Thanou, E.; Papadimitriou, E.; Siapi, E.; Katsila,T.; Li, K.W.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Charalampopoulos, I.; Alexaki, V.A. “ENT-A010, a Novel Steroid Derivative, Displays Neuroprotective Functions and Modulates Microglial Responses.” Biomolecules2022,  12, 424.
  https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12030424
• Rogdakis, T.; Charou, D.; Latorrata, A.; Papadimitriou, E.; Tsengenes, A.; Athanasiou, C.; Papadopoulou, M.; Chalikiopoulou, C.; Katsila, T.; Ramos, I.; Prousis K.C.;, Wade, R.C.;, Sidiropoulou,K.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Gravanis, A.; Charalampopoulos, I. “Development and Biological Characterization of a Novel Selective TrkA Agonist with Neuroprotective Properties against Amyloid Toxicity.” Biomedicines 2022, 10, 614. 
  https://doi.org/10.3390/ biomedicines10030614
• N. Kokras, C. Dioli, R. Paravatou, M. G. Sotiropoulos, F. Delis, Katerina Antoniou, T. Calogeropoulou, I. Charalampopoulos, A. Gravanis, C. Dalla;  "Psychoactive properties of BNN27, a novel neurosteroid derivate, in male and female rats" Phycopharmacology 2020, 237, 2435–2449.
  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-020-05545-5
• Iosif Pediaditakis, Kourgiantaki, A., Prousis, K.C., Potamitis, C., Xanthopoulos, K.P.,  Zervou, M., Calogeropoulou, T., Charalampopoulos, I., Gravanis, A. "BNN27, a 17-spiroepoxy steroid derivative, interacts with and activates p75 neurotrophin receptor, rescuing Cerebellar Granule Neurons from apoptosis." Front Pharmacol. 2016. 
  DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00512
• Pediaditakis, I., Efstathopoulos, P., Prousis, K.C., Zervou, M., Arevalo, J-C.,
  Karagianni, E., Potamitis, C., Tavernarakis, N., Chavakis, T., Margioris, A.N.,  Venihaki, M., Calogeropoulou, T., Charalampopoulos, I., Gravanis, A. “Selective and differential interactions of BNN27, a novel C17-spiroepoxy steroid derivative, with TrkA receptors, regulating neuronal survival and differentiation” Neuropharmacology 2016, 111, 266-282.
• Gravanis, A., Calogeropoulou, T., Panoutsakopoulou, V., Thermos, K., Neophytou, C.,  Charalampopoulos, I. "Microneurotrophins: Neurosteroids bind to NGF receptors, inducing pro- survival signaling in neuronal cells," Science Signalling 2012, 5 (246), art. no. pt8.
• Lazaridis, I., Charalampopoulos, I., Alexaki, V.-I., Avlonitis, N., Pediaditakis, I., Efstathopoulos, P., Calogeropoulou, T., Castanas, E., Gravanis A. “Neurosteroid Dehydroepiandrosterone Interacts with Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Receptors, Preventing Neuronal Apoptosis.”  PloS Biology 2011, 9 (4): e1001051.
• Calogeropoulou T.,*  Avlonitis N., Minas V., Alexi X., Pantzou A., Charalampopoulos I.,  Zervou M., Vergou V., Katsanou E. S., Lazaridis I., Alexis M., Gravanis A. “Novel DHEA Derivatives with Anti-Apoptotic Neuroprotective activity.” J. Med. Chem., 2009 52 (21),  6569–6587.

Patents

• WO2008155534, GB20070011948, CA2691071, AU2008265046, US2010234335, KR20100040292,  EP2158209, CN101784558, EA201070027   “Neurosteroid compounds” Inventors:  Gravanis A., Calogeropoulou T., Charalampopoulos I., Avlonitis N., Castanas E., Margioris A., Tsatsanis C., Minas V., Alexaki  V.-I., Alexis M., Remboutsika E., Vergou B., Neophytou C.  Applicant: Bionature EA Ltd, Cyprus.
• WO2011030116, SG179049, CA2773600  “Use of steroid compounds for inflammatory and autoimmune disorders” Inventors: Panoutsakopoulou V.; Angelakopoulou M.; Calogeropoulou T. ; Gravanis A.; Lazaridis I.; Neophytou C.. Applicant: Bionature EA Ltd, Nicosia, Cyprus

Bioinspired oxathiine derivatives as proteasome activators against aging and age-related diseases

Proteostasis is the cellular process that maintains the proteome equilibrium and controls the accumulation of damaged or misfolded proteins that contribute to aging and age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, the loss of proteostasis is a hallmark of aging. The Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is the primary, selective pathway for the degradation of normal, damaged or non-functional proteins in eukaryotic cells. The enhancement of the proteasome function has been shown to prolong cellular and organismal lifespan and to decelerate the progression of age-related diseases such as AD. Thus, the development of new compounds that can activate the main proteasome core, namely the 20S complex, may result in beneficial and/or therapeutic effects against human aging and/or age-related diseases and pathologies.

We are involved in the design and synthesis of new bio-inspired hybrid compounds combining structural features of thiatocopherol, a bioisostere of the natural antioxidant vitamin E, and hydroxytyrosol, the main antioxidant phenolic constituent of olive oil and a structural component of oleuropein. The two pharmacophores are connected through five-membered heterocyclic rings bioisosteres of amide or ester bonds or possess biological activity. The new compounds were examined by Dr Chondrogianni;s group for their ability to act as proteasome activators in vitro, in cellulo and in vivo using the nematode worm C. elegans as model. The majority of the hybrids showed proteasome activation while two derivatives were able to activate purified 20S proteasome through direct target engagement. The most potent of the two has conferred amelioration of healthspan both in C. elegans and in human primary fibroblasts.

These compounds along with bio-inspired chroman analogues were developed in collaboration with the group leaders Dr M. Koufaki, Dr N. Chondrogianni and Dr D. Papahatjis and constitute some of the few synthetic structural activators of the 20S proteasome. One PCT patent application (WO2019171088A1) followed by a European application (EP3761950A1) were submitted while, the most potent will be incorporated in dermocosmetic products.

Funding

• “RESET” “Bio-inspired antiaging proteasome activators”

 

Benzoxazine derivatives with antioxidant, anticancer and neuroprotective properties

The 2H-1,4-benzoxazine-3-(4H)-one and 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine systems are considered as privileged scaffolds for the development of potential new drugs and have been extensively employed in the synthesis of a variety of biologically active compounds. The 5,7,8-trimethyl-1,4-benzoxazine core can be considered as a classical bioisostere of the 5,7,8-trimethylbenzopyran nucleus of the well-known chain breaking antioxidant, vitamin E. We designed and synthesized new hybrid compounds combining the 5,7,8-trimethyl-1,4-benzoxazine moiety with polyphenolic analogues connected either directly or through heterocyclic spacers. The new compounds were evaluated for their anticancer and antioxidant through collaborations with researchers with the ICB/NHRF and Dr D. Kletsas from NCSR Demokritos.

Funding

• “STHENOS-b”  “Targeted therapeutic approaches against degenerative diseases, with emphasis on and aging- optimization of targeted bioactive compounds”
• OPENSCREEN-GR: An Open-Access Research Infrastructure of Chemical Biology and Target-Based Screening Technologies for Human and Animal Health  Agriculture and the Environment.

Relevant Recent Publications

• Prousis, K. C.,  Tzani, A., Avlonitis, N., Calogeropoulou, T., Detsi, A. “Reactivity of  2-methyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones and  2-methyl-4H-pyrido[2,3-d][1,3]oxazin-4-one under Microwave Irradiation Conditions" J.  Het.  Chem. 2013, 50, 1313-1321.
• Koini, E. N., Avlonitis, N., Martins-Duarte, E. S., de Souza, W., Vommaro, R. C., Calogeropoulou, T.* “Divergent synthesis of 2,6-diaryl-substituted 5,7,8-trimethyl-1,4-benzoxazines via microwave-promoted palladium-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling and biological evaluation” Tetrahedron 2012, 68,  10302-10309.
• Filippou, P. S.; Koini, E. N.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Kalliakmani, P.; Panagiotidis, C. A.; D. A. Kyriakidis “Regulation of the Escherichia coli AtoSC two component system by synthetic biologically active 5;7;8-trimethyl-1;4-benzoxazine analogues” Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2011, 19, 5061-5070.
• Koini, E. N.; Avlonitis, N.; Calogeropoulou, T.*  “Simple and Efficient Method for the Halogenation of Oxygenated Aromatic Compounds” SYNLETT  2011 (11), 1537.
• Koini, E.N.; Papazafiri, P.; Vassilopoulos, A.; Koufaki, M.; Horváth,  Z.; Koncz, I.; Virág, L.; Papp, G.J.; Varró, A.; Calogeropoulou, T.* “5,7,8-Trimethyl-benzopyran and 5,7,8-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoxazine aminoamide derivatives as novel antiarrhythmics against ischemia-reperfusion injury.” J. Med. Chem.  2009, 52, 2328.

Fluorescent dyes have emerged as a powerful tool for visualizing and labelling biomolecules in vitro and in vivo. We are involved in two main classes of dyes near-infrared fluorescent cationic heptamethinecyanine dyes and boron-dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) aiming to fine-tune their spectroscopic properties and expand their applications in imaging and mechanistic studies.

Funding

• BioImaging-GR: A Greek Infrastructure for Visualising and Monitoring Fundamental Biological Processes.
• “NIRGraph” Latsis Foundation Grant: “Design and synthesis of new NIR dyes and their application in surface modification of exfoliated graphene

Relevant Recent Publications

• K.C. Prousis, R. Canton-Vitoria, G. Pagona, M. Goulielmaki, V. Zoumpourlis, N. Tagmatarchis, T. Calogeropoulou* “New cationic heptamethinecyanine-graphene hybrid materials” DYES PIGMENTS 2020, 175, 108047.

• PCTEP2021075969, 22/09/2021 “Compound for use in the treatment of protozoal diseases and process for production of said compound”.  Applicant: QuadrEL Srl. Inventors: Calogeropoulou, T. Prousis, K.C., Roussaki, M., Magoulas, G.E., Fotopoulou T.
• GR 20200100577, 22/09/2020 “Compound for use in the treatment of protozoal diseases and process for production of said compound”.  Applicant: National Hellenic Research Foundation. Inventors: Calogeropoulou, T. Prousis, K.C., Roussaki, M., Magoulas, G.E., Fotopoulou T.
• PCT/GR2019/000018, “Bioinspired proteasome activators with antiageing activity”. Applicant: National Hellenic Research Foundation. Inventors: Koufaki M., Calogeropoulou T., Chondrogianni N., Papahatjis D., Gonos E., Fotopoulou T., Proussis K., Chazapi E.
• GR 20180100094, 07/03/2018. “Bio-inspired proteasome activators with anti ageing activity” Inventors. Koufaki M., Calogeropoulou T., Chondrogianni N., Papahatjis D., Gonos E.S., Fotopoulou T., Prousis K., Chazapi E.
• US 8,097,752   (issued 17-1-2012) "Antiprotozoal ring-substituted phospholipids" Inventors: T. Calogeropoulou, M. Koufaki, N. Avlonitis, A. Makriyannis
• WO2008155534, GB20070011948, CA2691071, AU2008265046, US2010234335, KR20100040292,  EP2158209, CN101784558, EA201070027   “Neurosteroid compounds” Inventors:  Gravanis A., Calogeropoulou T., Charalampopoulos I., Avlonitis N., Castanas E., Margioris A., Tsatsanis C., Minas V., Alexaki  V.-I., Alexis M., Remboutsika E., Vergou B., Neophytou C.  Applicant: Bionature EA Ltd, Cyprus
• US20100369568 “Compounds and methods for treating neoplasia” Inventors: Alevizopoulos K.; Calogeropoulou T.; Stournaras C.
• WO2011030116, SG179049, CA2773600  “Use of steroid compounds for inflammatory and autoimmune disorders” Inventors: Panoutsakopoulou V.; Angelakopoulou M.; Calogeropoulou T. ; Gravanis A.; Lazaridis I.; Neophytou C.. Applicant: Bionature EA Ltd, Nicosia, Cyprus
• GR 1003861  “GABAA MODULATING NEUROSTEROIDS”  Inventors: T.  Calogeropoulou, C. Souli, A. Tsotinis, A. Makriyannis
• GR20080100530 “1,4-Benzoxazine Derivatives” Inventors: Calogeropoulou, T.; Koini, E.; Alexis, M.N.; Avlonitis, N.; Alexi, X.
• US2005176976, US7064116, WO02053577,  GR-1003861, AU2002217353 GABAA MODULATING NEUROSTEROIDS.  Inventors: T. Calogeropoulou, C.  Souli, A. Tsotinis, A. Makriyannis
• GR20050100100 (2/3/05) «Ultrasound contrast agents containing anticancer ether phospholipids”  Inventors: Theodora Calogeropoulou, Maria Koufaki.
• GR 1003725 "Bifunctional agents possessing antioxidant and antiarrhythmic activity" Applicants and Inventors: Maria Koufaki, Theodora Calogeropoulou, Alexandros Makriyannis
• GR-1003103 “1-(2-Alkoxy-5-carboxyphenyl)-a,β-unsaturated ketones. Their preparation and application in therapeutics.” Inventors: A. Tsotinis, T. Calogeropoulou, C. Roussakis, V. Roussis.

QuadrEL Srl (Modena, Italy). A start-up company established in 5/2020 with the aim of research, development, production and marketing in the field of pharmaceutical products, veterinary Drugs, innovative Drugs and biotechnologies. QuadrEL focuses mainly on infectious diseases. Dr.T. Calogeropoulou is a co-founder of the company.

Ph.D. Thesis

Calogeropoulou T.  (July 1987) “New chemistry of vinyl phosphates. A novel 1,3-migration of phosphorus from oxygen to carbon.”
Ph.D. Thesis, University of Iowa.

• Yilmaz, K.; Rogdakis, T.; Latorrata, A.; Thanou, E.; Papadimitriou, E.; Siapi, E.; Katsila,T.; Li, K.W.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Charalampopoulos, I.; Alexaki, V.A. “ENT-A010, a Novel Steroid Derivative, Displays Neuroprotective Functions and Modulates Microglial Responses.” Biomolecules 2022 accepted.
• Rogdakis, T.; Charou, D.; Latorrata, A.; Papadimitriou, E.; Tsengenes, A.; Athanasiou, C.; Papadopoulou, M.; Chalikiopoulou, C.; Katsila, T.; Ramos, I.; Prousis K.C.;, Wade, R.C.;, Sidiropoulou,K.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Gravanis, A.; Charalampopoulos, I. “Development and Biological Characterization of a Novel Selective TrkA Agonist with Neuroprotective Properties against Amyloid Toxicity.” Biomedicines 2022, 10, 614. 
  https://doi.org/10.3390/ biomedicines10030614
• Prousis, K.C., Kikionis, S., Ioannou, E., Morgana, S., Faimali, M., Piazza, V.*, Calogeropoulou, T.,* Roussis, V.*. “Synthesis and Antifouling Activity Evaluation of Analogues of Bromosphaerol, a Brominated Diterpene Isolated from the Red Alga Sphaerococcus coronopifolius.”  Mar Drugs 2022 20, 7
  https://doi.org/ 10.3390/md20010007
• G. E. Magoulas, P.  Afroudakis, K. Georgikopoulou, M. Roussaki, C. Borsari, T. Fotopoulou, N. Santarem, E. Barrias, P. Tejera Nevado, J. Hachenberg, E. Bifeld, B.  Ellinger, M.  Kuzikov, I.  Fragiadaki,  E. Scoulica, J. Clos, S.  Gul, M. P. Costi, W. de Souza, K. C. Prousis, A. Cordeiro da Silva and T. Calogeropoulou* “Design, Synthesis and Antiparasitic Evaluation of Click Phospholipids”  Molecules 2021, 26 (14), 4204.  
  https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144204
• G. E. Magoulas,  Lefkothea Kalopetridou, AnaĆirić, Eftichia Kritsi, Paraskevi Kouka, P. Zoumpoulakis, N. Chondrogianni, M. Soković, K. C. Prousis, T. Calogeropoulou* “Synthesis, biological evaluation and QSAR studies of new thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as antimicrobial and antifungal agents”  Bioorg Chem. 2021, 106, 104509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104509
• E. Chazapi, G. E. Magoulas, K. C. Prousis, T. Calogeropoulou* “Phospholipid Analogues as Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Trypanosomatids” Curr. Pharm. Des. 2021. 27, 1790-1806. 
  https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666201210115340
• N. Kokras, C. Dioli, R. Paravatou, M. G. Sotiropoulos, F. Delis, Katerina Antoniou, T. Calogeropoulou, I. Charalampopoulos, A. Gravanis, C. Dalla;  "Psychoactive properties of BNN27, a novel neurosteroid derivate, in male and female rats" Phycopharmacology 2020, 237, 2435–2449.
  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-020-05545-5
• A. Panagiotopoulos, C. Papachristofi, K. Kalyvianaki, P. Malamos, P. A. Theodoropoulos, G. Notas, T. Calogeropoulou, E. Castanas, M. Kampa; “A simple open source bio-informatic methodology for initial exploration of GPCR ligands’ agonistic/antagonistic properties”Pharmacol. Res. Perspect 2020, 2020;00:e00600. | 1 of 12.
  https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.600
• K.C. Prousis^, R. Canton-Vitoria, G. Pagona, M. Goulielmaki, V. Zoumpourlis,N. Tagmatarchis, T. Calogeropoulou* “New cationic heptamethinecyanine-graphene hybrid materials” DYES PIGMENTS 2020, 175, 108047.
• E. Barrias,  L. C. Reignault, T. Calogeropoulou, W. de Souza; “In vitro activities of adamantylidene-substituted alkylphosphocholine TCAN26 against Trypanosoma cruzi: Antiproliferative and ultrastructural effects” Exp. Parasitol. 2019, 206, 107730.
• B. Moraes, G. Witt, M. Kuzikov, B. Ellinger, T. Calogeropoulou, K. C. Prousis, S. Mangani, F. Di Pisa, G. Landi, L. D. Iacono, C. Pozzi, L. H. Freitas-Junior, B. S. Pascoalino, C. P. Bertolacini, B. Behrens, O. Keminer, J. Leu, M. Wolf, J. Reinshagen, A. Cordeiro-da-Silva, N. Santarem, A. Venturelli, S. Wrigley, D. Karunakaran, B. Kebede, I. Pöhner, W. Müller, J. Panecka-Hofman, R. C. Wade, M. Fenske, J. Clos, J. M. Alunda, M. Jesús Corral, E. Uliassi, M. L. Bolognesi, P. Linciano, A. Quotadamo, S. Ferrari, M. Santucci, C. Borsari, M.P. Costi, and S. Gul; “Accelerating Drug Discovery Efforts for Trypanosomatidic Infections Using an Integrated Transnational Academic Drug Discovery Platform” SLAS Discovery 2019, 24, 346-361.
• Potamitis, C., Siakouli, D., Papavasileiou, K., Boulaka, A., Ganou, V., Roussaki, M., Calogeropoulou,T., Zoumpoulakis,P., Alexis, M.N., Zervou, M., Mitsiou, D.J. “Discovery of New Non-steroidal Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonists” J. Ster. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2019, 186, 142-153.
• Sant’Anna V., Railbolt M., Oliveira-Menezes A., Calogeropoulou T., Pinheiro J., de Souza W. “Ultraestructural study of effects of alkylphospholipid analogs against nematodes” Exp. Parasitol. 2018, 187, 49-58.
• Fragiadaki, I., Katogiritis, A., Calogeropoulou, T., Brückner, H,, Scoulica “Synergistic combination of alkylphosphocholines with peptaibols in targeting
• Leishmania infantum in vitro” Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2018, doi. 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2018.03.005.
• Stagno, M.J., Zacharopoulou, N., Bochem, J., Tsapara, A., Pelzl, L., Al-Maghout, T., Kallergi, G., Alkahtani, S., Alevizopoulos, K., Dimas, K., Calogeropoulou, T., Warmann, S.W., Lang, F., Schmid, E., Stournaras, C. “Istaroxime Inhibits Motility and Down-Regulates Orai1 Expression, SOCE and FAK Phosphorylation in Prostate Cancer Cells” Cell Physiol Biochem 2017, 42, 1366-1376.
• Iosif Pediaditakis, Kourgiantaki, A., Prousis, K.C., Potamitis, C., Xanthopoulos, K.P.,  Zervou, M., Calogeropoulou, T., Charalampopoulos, I., Gravanis, A. "BNN27, a 17-spiroepoxy steroid derivative, interacts with and activates p75 neurotrophin receptor, rescuing Cerebellar Granule Neurons from apoptosis." Front Pharmacol. 2016,  DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00512.
• Pediaditakis, I., Efstathopoulos, P., Prousis, K.C., Zervou, M., Arevalo, J-C.,
• Karagianni, E., Potamitis, C., Tavernarakis, N., Chavakis, T., Margioris, A.N.,  Venihaki, M., Calogeropoulou, T., Charalampopoulos, I., Gravanis, A. “Selective and differential interactions of BNN27, a novel C17-spiroepoxy steroid derivative, with TrkA receptors, regulating neuronal survival and differentiation” Neuropharmacology 2016, 111, 266-282.
• Borba-Santos, L.M., Ishida, K., Calogeropoulou, T., de Souza, W., Rozental, S. “Adamantylidene-substituted alkylphosphocholine TCAN26 is more active against Sporothrix schenckii than miltefosine” Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz  2016, 111(8) Rio de Janeiro Aug. 2016  Epub July 11, 2016.
• Benítez, D., Medeiros, A., Fiestas, L., Panozzo-Zenere, E.A.,  Maiwald, F., Prousis, K.C., Roussaki, M., Calogeropoulou, T., Detsi,A., Jaeger, T., Šarlauskas, J.,  Peterlin Mašič, L., Kunick, C., Labadie, G.R., Flohé,L.,  Comini, M.A. “Identification of Novel Chemical Scaffolds Inhibiting Trypanothione Synthetase from Pathogenic Trypanosomatids” PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016, 10(4):e0004617.
• Alevizopoulos, K., Dimas, K., Papadopoulou, N., Schmidt, E.-M., Tsapara, A., Alkahtani, S., Honisch, S., Prousis,K.C., larifi, S., Calogeropoulou, T., Lang, F., Stournaras C. “Functional characterization and anti-cancer action of the clinical phase II cardiac Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitor istaroxime: in vitro and in vivo properties and cross talk with the membrane androgen receptor” Oncotarget  2016, 7, 24415-24428.
• Sleiman,M.J., Csonka, R., Arbez-Gindrea, C., Heropoulos,  G. A., Calogeropoulou, T., Signorelli, M., Schiraldi, A., Steele, B.R., Fessas, D., Micha-Screttas, M. “Binding and stabilisation effects of glycodendritic compounds with peanut agglutinin”  Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2015, 80, 692–701.
• Ramaswamy, S.; Haj Sleiman, M.; Masuyer, G.; Arbez-Gindre, C.; Micha-Screttas, M.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Steele, B.; Acharya, K. R. “Structural basis of multivalent galactose-based dendrimer recognition by human galectin–7” FEBS J. 2015, 282, 372–387.
• Szalóki, G.; Pantzou, A.; Prousis, K.C.; Mavrofrydi, O.; Papazafiri, P.; Calogeropoulou, T*. “Design and synthesis of 21-alkynylaryl pregnenolone derivatives and evaluation of their anticancer activity” Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2014, 22, 6980-6988.
• Alevizopoulos, K.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Lang, F.; Stournaras, C. “Na+/K+ ATPase Inhibitors in Cancer” Curr. Drug Targets  2014, 15, 988-1000.
• Honisch, S.; Alkahtani, S.; Kounenidakis, M.; Liu, G.; Alarifi, S.; Al-Yahya, H.; Dimas, K.; AlKahtane, A.A.; Prousis, K.C.; Al-Dahmash, B.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Alevizopoulos, K.; Lang, F.; Stournaras, C. “A Steroidal Na+/K+ ATPase Inhibitor Triggers Pro-apoptotic Signaling and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate and Lung Tumor Cells” Anticancer Agents Med. Chem. 2014, 14, 1161-1168.
• Dimas, K.; Papadopoulou, N.; Baskakis, C.; Prousis, K.C.; Tsakos M.; Akahtani, S.; Honisch, S.; Lang, F.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Alevizopoulos, K.; Stournaras, C. “Steroidal Cardiac Na+/K (+) ATPase Inhibitors Exhibit Strong Anti-Cancer Potential in vitro and in Prostate and Lung Cancer Xenografts in vivo.” Anticancer Agents Med. Chem. 2014, 14, 762-770.
• Prousis, K. C., Avlonitis, N., Heropoulos, G.A.; Calogeropoulou, T*., “FeCl₃-catalysed ultrasonic-assisted, solvent-free synthesis of 4-substituted coumarins. A useful complement to the Pechmann reaction”. Ultrason. Sonochem. 2014, 21, 937-942.
• Prousis, K. C.,  Tzani, A., Avlonitis, N., Calogeropoulou, T., Detsi, A. “Reactivity of  2-methyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones and  2-methyl-4H-pyrido[2,3-d][1,3]oxazin-4-one under Microwave Irradiation  Conditions" J.  Het.  Chem. 2013,50, 1313-1321.
• Vila, T. V. M., Ishida, K., de Souza, W., Prousis, K., Calogeropoulou, T., Rozental, S. “Effect of alkylphospholipids on Candida albicans biofilm formation and maturation”  J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2013, 68, 113-125.
• Godinho, J., Georgikopoulou, K., Calogeropoulou, T., de Souza, W., Rodrigues, J.  “A novel phosphocholine dinitroaniline hybrid molecule exhibits biological activity in vitro against Leishmania amazonensis.”  Experimental Parasitology 2013, 135, 153–165.
• Koini,  E. N., Avlonitis, N., Martins-Duarte, E. S.,  de Souza, W.,  Vommaro, R. C., Calogeropoulou, T.* “Divergent synthesis of 2,6-diaryl-substituted 5,7,8-trimethyl-1,4-benzoxazines via microwave-promoted palladium-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling and biological evaluation” Tetrahedron 2012, 68,  10302-10309.
• Gravanis, A., Calogeropoulou, T., Panoutsakopoulou, V., Thermos, K., Neophytou, C.,  Charalampopoulos, I. "Microneurotrophins: Neurosteroids bind to NGF receptors, inducing pro- survival signaling in neuronal cells," Science Signalling 2012, 5 (246), art. no. pt8.
• Koukouli, F., Paspaltsis, I., Salta, E., Xanthopoulos, K., Koini, E. N., Calogeropoulou, T., Sklaviadis, T. “Inhibition of PrP^Sc formation in scrapie infected N2a cells by 5,7,8-trimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine derivatives” Prion  2012, 6, 470-476.
• Lazaridis, I., Charalampopoulos, I., Alexaki, V.-I., Avlonitis, N., Pediaditakis, I., Efstathopoulos, P., Calogeropoulou, T., Castanas, E., Gravanis A. “Neurosteroid Dehydroepiandrosterone Interacts with Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Receptors, Preventing Neuronal Apoptosis.”  PloS Biology 2011, 9 (4): e1001051.
• Filippou, P. S.; Koini, E. N.; Calogeropoulou, T.;  Kalliakmani, P.;  Panagiotidis, C. A.; D. A. Kyriakidis “Regulation of the Escherichia coli AtoSC two component system by synthetic biologically active 5;7;8-trimethyl-1;4-benzoxazine analogues” Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2011, 19, 5061-5070.
• Koini, E. N.; Avlonitis, N.; Calogeropoulou, T.*  “Simple and Efficient Method for the Halogenation of Oxygenated Aromatic Compounds” SYNLETT  2011 (11), 1537.
• Papanastasiou I., Prousis,  K.C, Georgikopoulou, K., Pavlidis, T.,  Scoulica, E., Kolocouris, N., Calogeropoulou, T.* “Design and synthesis of new adamantyl-substituted antileishmanial ether phospholipids”   Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.  2010  20 (18), 5484-5487.
• Calogeropoulou T.,*  Avlonitis N., Minas V., Alexi X., Pantzou A., Charalampopoulos I.,  Zervou M., Vergou V., Katsanou E. S., Lazaridis I., Alexis M., Gravanis A. “Novel DHEA Derivatives with Anti-Apoptotic Neuroprotective activity.” J. Med. Chem., 2009 52 (21),  6569–6587.
• Koini, E.N.; Papazafiri, P.; Vassilopoulos, A.; Koufaki, M.; Horváth,  Z.;  Koncz, I.; Virág, L.;  Papp, G.J.; Varró, A.; Calogeropoulou, T.*  “5,7,8-Trimethyl-benzopyran and 5,7,8-Trimethyl-1,4-benzoxazine aminoamide derivatives as novel antiarrhythmics against ischemia-reperfusion injury.” J. Med. Chem.  2009,  52, 2328.
• Wiesbrock, F.; Patteux, C.; Olszewski, T.K.; Blanrue, A.; Heropoulos, G.A.; Steele, B.R.; Micha-Screttas, M.; Calogeropoulou, T.* “Solution-Phase Synthesis and Scale-Up of 1^st Generation Tetraester-Dendritic Branches  Involving Microwave Irradiation and/or Ultrasound” Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4344-4349.
• Calogeropoulou, T.;*  Angelou, P.; Detsi, A.; Fragiadaki, I.; Scoulica, E. “Design and synthesis of potent antileishmanial cycloalkylidene-substituted ether phospholipid derivatives” J. Med. Chem.  2008, 51, 897-908.
• Maksay, G.; Fodor, L.; Bíró, T.; Avlonitis, N.; Calogeropoulou, T.  “A 17b-derivative of allopregnanolone is a neurosteroid antagonist of a cerebellar subpopulation of GABA_A receptors with nanomolar affinity.” Brit. J. Pharmacol. 2007, 151(7), 1078-86.
• Karanikolopoulos, N. ; Pitsikalis, M. ; Hadjichristidis, N. ; Georgikopoulou, K. ; Calogeropoulou, T. ; Dunlap, J.R. “pH-Responsive Aggregates from Double Hydrophilic Block Copolymers Carrying Zwitterionic Groups. Encapsulation of Antiparasitic Compounds for the Treatment of Leishmaniasis.” Langmuir 2007, 23(8), 4214-24.
• Xilouri, M. ; Avlonitis, N.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Papazafiri, P.  “Neuroprotective effects of steroid analogues on P19-N neurons.” Neurochem. Int. 2007, 50(4), 660-70.
• Kapou, A.; Benetis, N.P.; Avlonitis, N.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Koufaki, M.; Scoulica, E.;. Nikolaropoulos, S.S.;  Mavromoustakos, T. “3D-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of New Synthetic Antileishmanial Ring-Substituted Ether Phospholipids” Bioorg. Med. Chem.  2007, 15(3), 1252-65.
• Tsotinis, A.; Vlachou, M.; Papahatjis, D.P.; Calogeropoulou, T., Nikas, S.P.; Garratt, P.J.; Piccio, V.; Vonhoff, S.; Davidson, K.; The, M.T.; Sugden, D.
• “Mapping the melatonin receptor. 7. Subtype selective ligands based on beta-substituted N-acyl-5-methoxytryptamines and beta-substituted N-acyl-5-methoxy-1-methyltryptamines.” J. Med. Chem.  2006, 49(12), 3509-19.
• Charalampopoulos, I.; Alexaki, V.-I.;  Lazaridis, I.;  Dermitzaki, E.;  Avlonitis, N.;  Tsatsanis, C.; Calogeropoulou, T.;  Margioris, A. N.;  Castanas, E.;  Gravanis, A.
• G protein-associated, specific membrane binding sites mediate the neuroprotective effect of Dehydroepiandrosterone.  FASEB J. 2006 (20), 577-579.
• Detsi, A.;  Roussis, V. Tsotinis, A. ;  Roussakis, C.;  Calogeropoulou, T.*A Concise Approach to Benzoic Acid Derivatives Bearing an a,b-Unsaturated Ketone Substituent: Synthesis of Methyl Taboganate. SYNLETT  2005  (20), 3131-3135.
• Souli, C.; Avlonitis, N.; Calogeropoulou, T.;* Tsotinis, A.; Maksay, G.; Bíró, T.; Politi, A.; Mavromoustakos, T.; Makriyannis, A.; Reis, H.; Papadopoulos, M.  
• “Novel 17β-substituted conformationally constrained neurosteroids that modulate GABA_A receptors” J. Med. Chem.  2005, 48(16), 5203-14.
• Papazafiri, P; Avlonitis, N.; Angelou, P.; Calogeropoulou, T.;* Koufaki, M.;  Scoulica, E.; Fragiadaki, I. “Structure-activity relationships of antineoplastic ring-substituted ether phospholipid derivatives”  Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 2005, 56, 261-270.
• Koufaki, M.; Detsi, A.; Theodorou, E.; Kiziridi, C.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Vassilopoulos, A.; Kourounakis, A.; Rekka, E.; Kourounakis, P.;  Gaitanaki, C.; Papazafiri, P.  “Synthesis of Chroman Analogues of Lipoic Acid and Evaluation of their Activity against Reperfusion Arrhythmias.”  Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2004, 12, 4835.
• Calogeropoulou Τ.,*  Detsi Α., Lekkas Ε, Koufaki Μ. " Strategies in the design of prodrugs of anti-HIV agents" in " Therapeutic strategies against HIV infection"  Curr. Top. Med. Chem.,  2003, 3 (13), 1467.
• Koufaki, M.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Rekka, E.; Chryselis, M.; Papazafiri, P.; Gaitanaki, C.; Makriyannis, A.  "Bifunctional Agents for Reperfusion Arrhythmias.  Novel Hybrid Vitamin E/Class I Antiarrhythmics."  Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2003, 11, 5209-5219.
• Avlonitis, N.; Lekka, E.; Detsi, A.; Koufaki, M.; Calogeropoulou, T.;* Skoulica, E.; Siapi, E.; Kyrikou, I.; Mavromoustakos, T.; Tsotinis, A.; Golic Grdadolnik, S.; Makriyannis, A.  "Antileishmanial Ring-Substituted Ether Phospholipids" J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 755-767.
• Detsi A., Koufaki M., Calogeropoulou T.* "Synthesis of (Z)-4-hydroxytamoxifen and (Z)-2-(4-[1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenyl]-1-butenyl)phenoxyacetic acid." J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 4608-4611.
• Koufaki, M.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Detsi, A.; Roditis, A.; Kourounakis, A.; Papazafiri, P.; Tsiakitzis, K.;  Gaitanaki,  C.;  Beis,  I.;  Kourounakis P. "Novel potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation with protective effects against reperfusion arrhythmias."  J. Med. Chem. 2001, 44, 4300-4303.
• Mavromoustakos, T.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Koufaki, M.; Kolocouris, A.; Demetzos, K.; Meng, Z.; Makriyannis, A.; Balzarini, J.; De Clercq, E.  “Ether phospholipid-AZT conjugates possessing anti-HIV and anti-tumor cell activity. Synthesis, conformational analysis and study of their thermal effects on membrane bilayers”  J. Med. Chem.  2001, 44(11), 1702-1709.
• Carbonenelle D., Jacquot C., Lanco X., Le Dez G., Tomasoni C., Briand G., Tsotinis A., Calogeropoulou T., Roussakis C. "Up-regulation of a novel mRNA (NY-CO-1) involved in the (1-(2-alkoxy-5-carboxyl)-a-β-unsaturated ketone (VT1)-induced proliferation arrest of a Non-Small Cell lung carcinoma cell line (NSCLC-N6)"
• International J. Cancer  2001,  92 (3), 388-397.
• Varvaresou A, Kriton I, Filippatos E., Souli C., Calogeropoulou T., Ioannidou I., Kourounakis A., Pannecouque C., Witvrouw M., Padalko E., Neyts J., De Clercq E., Tsotinis A.  “Synthesis, Antiretroviral and Antioxidant Evaluation of a Series of New Benzo[b]furan Derivatives.”  Arzneim.-Forsch./Drug Res. 2001, 51(I), 156.
• Faust, R.;  Garratt, P.J.;  Jones, R.;  Yeh, L.-K.;  Tsotinis, A.;  Panoussopoulou, M.;  Calogeropoulou, T.  Teh,  M.-T.;  Sugden, D. “Mapping the melatonin receptor. 6. Melatonin agonists and antagonists derived from 6H-isoindolo[2,1-a]indoles, 5,6-dihydroindolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines and 6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[c]azepino[1,2-a]indoles.” J. Med. Chem. 2000, 43(6), 1050-1061.
• Tsotinis, A. Varvaresou, T. Calogeropoulou, Th. Siatra-Papastaikoudi and A. Tyligada “Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of indole containing derivatives of 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole and their open-chain counterparts.”
• Arzneim.-Forsch./Drug Res., 1997, 47 (I), 307.
• Varvaresou, A.;  Tsotinis, A.;  Siatra-Papastaikoudi, Th.; Calogeropoulou, T. “New Pyrazole-annulated azathioxanthenes as potential intercalators: synthesis and structure elucidation.”  J. Het. Chem. 1996, 33, 831.
• Koufaki, M.;  Calogeropoulou, T.;  Mavromoustakos, T.;  Theodoropoulou, E.;  Tsotinis. A.;  Makriyannis, A. “Synthesis of 2H-Labelled Alkoxyethyl Phosphodiester AZT Derivatives for Solid-State 2H-NMR Studies”   J. Het. Chem. 1996, 33, 619.
• Tsotinis A., Calogeropoulou T., Koufaki M., Souli Ch., Balzarini J., De Clercq E., Makriyannis A. “Synthesis and Antiretroviral Evaluation of New Alkoxy and Aryloxy Phosphate Derivatives of AZT”  J. Med. Chem.  1996, 39, 3418.
• Koufaki M., Polychroniou V., Calogeropoulou T., Tsotinis A., Drees M., Fiebig H.H., LeClerc S., Hendriks H.R., Makriyannis.  “Alkyl and Alkoxyethyl Antineoplastic Phospholipids”  J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 2609.
• Calogeropoulou T., Koufaki M., Tsotinis A., Balzarini J., De Clercq E., Makriyannis A. “Synthesis and anti-HIV evaluation of alkyl and alkoxyethyl phosphodiester AZT derivatives”  Antiv. Chem. Chemother. 1995, 6, 43.
• Mavromoustakos T., Theodoropoulou E.,  Polychroniou V., Dimitriou A., Koufaki M., Calogeropoulou T. “Study of drug membrane interactions using a combination of differential scanning calorimetry and 31P-NMR spectroscopy.”  Epitheor Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. Int. Ed.  1995, 13, 81. 
• Mavromoustakos T., Theodoropoulou E.,   Koufaki M., Yang D.P. Lin S., Zervou M., Calogeropoulou T., Makriyannis A. “Conformational analysis of 1-thiohexadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine.” Epitheor Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. Int. Ed.  1993, 11, 178 .
• Patel, J.; Rideout, D.; McCarthy, M. R.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Wadwa, K. S.;  Oseroff, A.R. Antineoplastic Activity, Synergism, and Antagonism of Triarylalkylphosphonium Salts and their Combinations. Anticancer Research 1994, 14, 21.
• Rideout, D.; Schinazi, R.; Pauza, D.C.; Lovelace, K.;  Chiang, L.-C.; Calogeropoulou, T.; McCarthy, M.; Elder, J. Derivatives of 4-Amino-3,6-Disulfonato-1,8-Napthalimide Inhibit Reverse Transcriptase and Suppress Human and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Expression in Cultured Cells. J. Cellular Biochem.  1993, 51, 446.
• Rotenberg, S. A.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Jaworski, J.S.;  Weinstein, I.B.; Rideout, D. A self-assembling protein kinase C inhibitor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1991, 88, 2490.
• Quinn, D.M.; Sutton, L.D.; Staout, J.S.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Wiemer, D.F. Phospholipase A1 Activity and Catalytic Mechanism of Pancreatic Cholesterol Esterase.  Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon 1990, 51/52, 43-46.
• Gloer, K.B.; Calogeropoulou, T.;  Jackson, J.A.; Wiemer, D.F. Regiochemistry of the rearrangement of cyclohexenyl and cyclohexadienyl phosphates to β-keto phosphonates. J. Org. Chem 1990, 55, 2842-2846.
• Rideout, D.C.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Jaworski, J.S.; Dagnino Jr., R.; McCarthy, M. Synergism through direct covalent bonding between agents: A strategy for rational design of chemotherapeutic combinations. Biopolymers 1990, 29, 247-262.
• Rideout, D.C.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Jaworski, J.S.; Dagnino Jr., R.; McCarthy, M. Phosphonium salts exhibiting selective anticarcinoma activity in vitro. Anti-Cancer Drug Design 1989, 4, 265-280.
• Calogeropoulou, T.; Wiemer, D.F.   Cycloaddition reactions of phosphate dienes. J. Org. Chem.  1988, 53, 2295.
• Calogeropoulou, T.; Hammond, G.B.;  Wiemer, D.F.  Synthesis of  β-keto phosphonates from vinyl phosphates via a 1,3-phosphorus migration. J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 4185.
• Hammond, G.B.; Calogeropoulou, T.; Wiemer, D.F.   The 1,3 migration of phosphorus from oxygen to carbon:  A new synthesis of  β-keto phosphonates from enol phosphates. Tet. Lett.  1986, 27, 4265.

• Theodora Calogeropoulou,* George E. Magoulas, Ina Pöhner, Rebecca C. Wade,2 Joanna Panecka-Hofman,  Pasquale Linciano, Stefania Ferrari, Maria Paola Costi,* Nuno Santarem, Ma Dolores Jiménez-Antón, Ana Isabel Olías-Molero, Anabela Cordeiro da Silva  and José María Alunda,  “Hits and Lead Discovery in the Identification of New Drugs against the Trypanosomatidic Infections” Chapter 10 in: Medicinal Chemistry of Neglected and Tropical Diseases: Advances in the Design and Synthesis of Antimicrobial Agents, (Edited by: Venkatesan Jayaprakash, Daniele Castagnolo, Yusuf Özkay) CRC Press (2019) Pages. 185- 231
• de Souza, W.,  Godinho, J., Barrias, E., Roussaki,  M., Fernandes Rodrigues, J. C. F., Calogeropoulou, T.,  “Effects of Phospholipid Analogues on Trypanosomatids.” Chapter 13 in Molecular Biology of Kinetoplastid Parasites (Edited by: Hemanta K. Majumder). Caister Academic Press, U.K. (2018) Pages: 221-242. https://doi.org/10.21775/9781910190715.13
• Theodora Calogeropoulou, Darryl C. Rideout. “Synergism and antagonism through direct covalent bond formation between agents.” Chapter 14 in Chemotherapeutic Synergism and Antagonism.  (Ed. T.-C. Chou and Darryl C. Rideout, Academic Press 1990).

• Vasilopoulou M.A., Fotopoulou T., Papaevgeniou N., Gioran A., Papahatjis D., Calogeropoulou T., Koufaki M., Chondrogianni N. A novel bioinspired proteasome activator against aging Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2021, 177, S122-S123
• Papaevgeniou N., Fotopoulou T., Vasilopoulou M., Panat N., Pick E., Golan A., Gonos E.S., Papahatjis D., Calogeropoulou T., Koufaki M., Chondrogianni N. A novel bioinspired proteasome activator: potential anti-ageing strategies offered by mother nature (but not only). Free Radic Biol Med. 2019, 139, S78-S79